核设施周围大气中多形态氚的测量

doi:10.11889/j.0253-3219.2018.hjs.41.100604

Nuclear Techniques ›› 2018, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (10): 100604-100604.doi: 10.11889/j.0253-3219.2018.hjs.41.100604

• NUCLEAR ENERGY SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING • Previous Articles Next Articles

Measurement of atmospheric tritium in different chemical forms in the vicinity of nuclear facilities

QIN Lailai^1,2, XIA Zhenghai³, GU Shaozhong³, MA Yuhua^1,2,4, DENG Ke^1,2, LIU Jiayu^1,2, MA Zhaowei^1,2, ZHANG Qin^1,2, YANG Guo^1,2, WEI Fei^1,2, WU Shengwei², BAO Guangliang², LIU Guimin², LIU Wei²

1 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
2 Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiading Campus, Shanghai 201800, China;
3 CNNC Nuclear Power Operations Management Co., Ltd, Haiyan 314300, China;
4 Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai 200031, China

Received:2018-02-07 Revised:2018-06-02 Online:2018-10-10 Published:2018-10-16

Abstract

Abstract: [Background] Tritium in the atmosphere exists mainly as tritiated water (HTO), tritiated hydrogen (HT) and tritiated methane (CH₃T). Radiation hazard of tritium is related to its chemical form. Atmospheric tritium in these three chemical forms should be measured simultaneously in the vicinity of nuclear facilities.[Purpose] This study aims to evaluate the level of atmospheric tritium in these three chemical forms accurately.[Methods] Based on the principle of high temperature catalytic oxidation and low temperature cold trap collection, a novel atmospheric tritium sampling system and measurement method were developed. Catalytic efficiencies for hydrogen and methane at different temperatures were measured. Concentrations of hydrogen and methane that needed were evaluated. And the concentrations of atmospheric tritium in the vicinity of Qinshan nuclear power plant (QNPP) were preliminary measured.[Results] Catalytic efficiencies for hydrogen and methane by using self-developed atmospheric sampling system could up to be about 99%, and water vapor collecting efficiency could be more than 95%. The concentrations of atmospheric tritium in the vicinity of QNPP, displayed in a decreasing order, were HTO, CH₃T and HT.[Conclusion] The novel atmospheric tritium sampling system had the ability to collect HTO, HT and CH₃T simultaneously. Atmospheric tritium in forms of HTO, HT and CH₃T were firstly measured in the vicinity of QNPP. The concentrations of HT and CH₃T measured were comparable to the background levels, which indicated that the sampling system and measurement method in this paper had a very high sensitivity and could be applied to atmospheric tritium sampling within environmental levels in different forms.

Key words: Tritiated water (HTO), Tritiated hydrogen (HT), Tritiated methane (CH₃T), Atmospheric tritium sampling system

CLC Number:

TL99

QIN Lailai, XIA Zhenghai, GU Shaozhong, MA Yuhua, DENG Ke, LIU Jiayu, MA Zhaowei, ZHANG Qin, YANG Guo, WEI Fei, WU Shengwei, BAO Guangliang, LIU Guimin, LIU Wei. Measurement of atmospheric tritium in different chemical forms in the vicinity of nuclear facilities[J].Nuclear Techniques, 2018, 41(10): 100604-100604.

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Measurement of atmospheric tritium in different chemical forms in the vicinity of nuclear facilities

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